The 10^th International Conference of Ombuds Institutions for the Armed Forces (ICOAF) focused on the evolving roles of military personnel, who have increasingly taken on responsibilities beyond traditional warfare, such as peacekeeping, policing, and disaster response. These shifts introduced significant challenges in training, legal authority, and accountability, often resulting in complaints within the armed forces.

The conference explored how these expanded roles impacted oversight, recognizing that ombuds institutions had to adapt to new legal and operational challenges. With insights drawn from global experiences and the expertise of general ombuds institutions overseeing other security providers, ICOAF provided a platform for knowledge-sharing to help armed forces ombuds institutions address these modern demands.